Flat rates on capital income and capital gains raised (18% to 19%, real estate gains 16% to 19%)

Article 6 of the 2011 Finance Act raises by one point, from 18% to 19%, the flat-rate withholding tax on dividends and interest, the tax rate on gains from the sale of securities and several related proportional rates. The tax rate on stock option gains rises from 40% to 41%. The rate on individuals' real estate capital gains rises from 16% to 19%, following a Government amendment in the National Assembly intended to finance measures added to the pension reform bill. These increases apply to income received and sales made from 1 January 2011. Flat withholding rates were raised again on 1 January 2012, and investment income was then made subject to the progressive scale from 2013; the 19% rate on real estate gains was kept afterwards.